Department of Orthodontics, University
of Freiburg/Br. , Germany
Abstract
Showing posts with label NMD. Show all posts
Showing posts with label NMD. Show all posts
Tuesday, July 16, 2013
Short-term and Long-term Effects of TENS
Eble OS, Jonas Ie, Kappert HF: "Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS): its short-term and long-term effects on the masticatory muscles." J Orofac Orthop. 2000;61(2):100-11.
Abstract
In an electromyographic study on subjects with no functional disturbances of
the masticatory muscles, the duration of the post-therapeutic effects of
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (= TENS) on the superficial
masseter and anterior temporal muscle was analyzed. The myoelectric signals
were registered from 20 healthy volunteers in 3 different mandibular positions.
The recordings were performed before a 20-minute TENS application with the J-4
Myomonitor and continued with a sequence of follow-up registrations with
increasing interval to the initial stimulation. The EMG signals underwent
computer-aided analysis and were evaluated by
determining the integrated values as a parameter of muscle activity, and after
Fourier transformation by 7 describing parameters of the power spectrum (e.g.
mean power frequency = MPF). A detailed analysis
of variance of all data was used to investigate significant changes of the
parameters during the observation period. Muscular response to TENS includes a
decrease in muscular activity (= reduction in integrated EMG signals) and a
shift in the power spectrum to higher frequencies (increase in MPF). These
changes were statistically highly significant for both analyzed muscles and for
all different mandibular exercises. As these reactions to TENS are contrary to
muscle fatigue, the results can be interpreted as
indicating that this type of therapy stimulates a change in the biochemical and
physiological muscular conditions, which leads to muscle relaxation.
Electromyographically, the post-therapeutic effect lasted for 2 hours in case
of normal masticatory muscle activity but for more than 7 hours in case of low
muscular loading. The alterations of the integrated EMG values were more
persistent than those of the parameters of the power spectrum.
Abstract
Friday, June 17, 2011
Myomonitor Efficacy and Myofacial Pain
Wessberg Geroge A., Dinham, Richard, DMD. "The Myo-monitor and the myo-facial pain dysfunction syndrome." Journal of the Hawaii Dental Association. vol. 10, No. 2, Aug. 1977.
The Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome (MPD, TMJ Syndrome, Craniocervical Syndrome) has plagued dentistry for many years. Therapy for this type of pain has been highly imaginative. A few of the more common modalities mentioned (Ramfjord 1971) are occlusal adjustment, occlusal bite splints, immobilization of the mandible, drug therapy, placebo, diathermy, physical therapy, sclerosing agents, psychotherapy, and surgery. Recent studies of mandibular movement (Jankelson 1976) stress the importance of a "muscularly oriented occlusal position" for the treatment of the MPD Syndrome.
....Jankelson (Jankelson 1976) assumes a compromise in these trends of thought actually exists. He describes a relatively precise PRPM at any given stage of development that fluctuates within a minimal range of normal as determined by states of equilibrium within the mandibular musculature.
The postural rest position of the mandible (PRPM) is by definition (Academy of Denture Prosthetists, Glossary of Prosthetic Terms, 1956) the mandibular position assumed when the head is in an upright position and the involved muscles, particularly the elevator and depressor groups, are in equilibrium in tonic contraction, and the condyles are in a neutral, unstrained position.
Summary:
Thirty patients presented symptoms with the Myo-facial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome. All of these patients received Myo-monitor oriented therapy and nearly all of them professed some initial relief or total remission of their symptoms during the short time span of this study,
The data presented is based largely on clinical observations and patient response to comparison of their symptoms before and after treatment. Symptoms evaluated were generally related to muscle tenderness and mandibular mobility.
Conclusion:
Due to clinical observations and patient response in this investigation, it is concluded that:
The Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome (MPD, TMJ Syndrome, Craniocervical Syndrome) has plagued dentistry for many years. Therapy for this type of pain has been highly imaginative. A few of the more common modalities mentioned (Ramfjord 1971) are occlusal adjustment, occlusal bite splints, immobilization of the mandible, drug therapy, placebo, diathermy, physical therapy, sclerosing agents, psychotherapy, and surgery. Recent studies of mandibular movement (Jankelson 1976) stress the importance of a "muscularly oriented occlusal position" for the treatment of the MPD Syndrome.
....Jankelson (Jankelson 1976) assumes a compromise in these trends of thought actually exists. He describes a relatively precise PRPM at any given stage of development that fluctuates within a minimal range of normal as determined by states of equilibrium within the mandibular musculature.
The postural rest position of the mandible (PRPM) is by definition (Academy of Denture Prosthetists, Glossary of Prosthetic Terms, 1956) the mandibular position assumed when the head is in an upright position and the involved muscles, particularly the elevator and depressor groups, are in equilibrium in tonic contraction, and the condyles are in a neutral, unstrained position.
Summary:
Thirty patients presented symptoms with the Myo-facial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome. All of these patients received Myo-monitor oriented therapy and nearly all of them professed some initial relief or total remission of their symptoms during the short time span of this study,
The data presented is based largely on clinical observations and patient response to comparison of their symptoms before and after treatment. Symptoms evaluated were generally related to muscle tenderness and mandibular mobility.
Conclusion:
Due to clinical observations and patient response in this investigation, it is concluded that:
- The centric occlusion position is seldom coincident with the myo-centric position of occlusion in patients who exhibit symptoms associated with Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome.
- A Myo-monitor generated occlusal position affords some relief if not complete remission of symptoms in 90% of cases treated.
- Long-term follow-up studies are necessary to evalutate the success of treatment.
Myomonitor Efficacy - An Electromyographic Study with Myofacial Pain Dysfunction
Pantaleo, T.,M.D., Prayer-Galletti, F. M.D., Ph.D., Pini-Prato, g., M.D., and Prayer-Galletti, S.,M.D. "An electromyographic study in patients with myofacial pain-Dysfunction syndrome." Bull. Group. int. Rech.sc Stomat. et Odont. Vol. 26, pp. 167-179, 1983.
Recently dental research has turned to neuro-muscular system: many dental procedures, in order to be entirely successful, require that the masticatory muscles are relaxed and perfectly balanced. The use of the transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) has been introduced, obtrained with adquate stimulators, such as the Myo-moniotr (Myo-tronics) (Jankelson 1975, Jankelson 1978, Wessberg, 1981): TENS has been able to relieve pain and eliminate the sustained muscle tension of the masticatory muscles of patients with myofacial pain-dysfunction (MPD) syndrome (laskin 1969), combined with occlusal malrelation, which may be the primary cause of MPD syndrome (Lindblom 1953, Alling 1977).
Summary:
An electromypgraphic (EMG) study of ipsilateral masseter and temporalis muscles was undertaken in healthy volunteers and in patients with MPD syndrome, with the aim of getting further insight into the pathophysiology of this disease. Unlike controls, patients had abnormal MKG features and displayed involuntary sustained EMG activity at rest, chiefly in the temporalis muscles.
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) performed with the Myo-monitor induced relaxatio and relief of pain: these effects were however revesred by voluntary mouth closures.
The correction of occlusal position by acrylic splints was able to induce persistant reduction or a suppression of the abnormal EMG activity at rest and a good relief of pain: moreover, after the corretion, higher levels of EMG activity were found during maximal biting in the intercuspal position.
Mechanisms underlying these effects were discussed and in particular it was suggested that abnormal afferenct activity from periodontium and jaw muscles may contribute to the establishment of sustained contraction leading to muscular pain, which in turn may cause reflex muscle activity i vicious circles.
Recently dental research has turned to neuro-muscular system: many dental procedures, in order to be entirely successful, require that the masticatory muscles are relaxed and perfectly balanced. The use of the transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) has been introduced, obtrained with adquate stimulators, such as the Myo-moniotr (Myo-tronics) (Jankelson 1975, Jankelson 1978, Wessberg, 1981): TENS has been able to relieve pain and eliminate the sustained muscle tension of the masticatory muscles of patients with myofacial pain-dysfunction (MPD) syndrome (laskin 1969), combined with occlusal malrelation, which may be the primary cause of MPD syndrome (Lindblom 1953, Alling 1977).
Summary:
An electromypgraphic (EMG) study of ipsilateral masseter and temporalis muscles was undertaken in healthy volunteers and in patients with MPD syndrome, with the aim of getting further insight into the pathophysiology of this disease. Unlike controls, patients had abnormal MKG features and displayed involuntary sustained EMG activity at rest, chiefly in the temporalis muscles.
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) performed with the Myo-monitor induced relaxatio and relief of pain: these effects were however revesred by voluntary mouth closures.
The correction of occlusal position by acrylic splints was able to induce persistant reduction or a suppression of the abnormal EMG activity at rest and a good relief of pain: moreover, after the corretion, higher levels of EMG activity were found during maximal biting in the intercuspal position.
Mechanisms underlying these effects were discussed and in particular it was suggested that abnormal afferenct activity from periodontium and jaw muscles may contribute to the establishment of sustained contraction leading to muscular pain, which in turn may cause reflex muscle activity i vicious circles.
Wednesday, December 16, 2009
The Myo-monitor: Its use and abuse
Jankelson, Bernard, (1978) The Myo-monitor: Its use and abuse (I). Quintessence International No. 2: Report 1601, pp 47-51.
SUMMARY
The Myo-monitor transcutaneously stimulates the motor branches of the Vth and VIIth cranial nerves, relaxes the associated musculature, and then records an occlusal position that is compatible with a continued state of relaxation. Additional techniques have been developed for taking denture impressions (or relining old dentures) functional occlusal diagnosis, occlusal adjustment, and treatment of TMJ and MPD syndrome.
SUMMARY
The Myo-monitor transcutaneously stimulates the motor branches of the Vth and VIIth cranial nerves, relaxes the associated musculature, and then records an occlusal position that is compatible with a continued state of relaxation. Additional techniques have been developed for taking denture impressions (or relining old dentures) functional occlusal diagnosis, occlusal adjustment, and treatment of TMJ and MPD syndrome.
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